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Drainage basins:
Selected flood events
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"Variations
in the passage of water and sediment through the drainage
basin can lead to flooding. The causes of flooding within
the drainage basin are the result of: [i] climatic
processes; [ii] terrestrial processes; [iii] human
activity. The effects of flooding on people are: [i]
demographic; [ii] economic; [iii] social and are
different in an MEDC and an LEDC." WJEC specification
generalisation
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Examiners expect candidates to be
able to write about named flood events in some detail. Most
A-level texts include good examples of the causes and impacts of
flooding in contrasting drainage basins and will have material
drawn from developing and developed parts of the world.
To research a more recent event,
which has not yet made the textbooks, try searching BBC
News and using Google. For example the Boscastle
flash flood (August 2004) is probably a better case
study to use than the 1952 Lynmouth event (still in some texts). BBC
News has a
variety of pages, all with links to other related news articles,
such as Dozens rescued (the original news story) and follow up articles: Flash flooding a freak event (good diagram), Residents return, Where is the next Boscastle?, Advice day for victims. Google turned up local websites such as this one
with excellent photographs by a local newspaper reporter http://www.tintagelweb.co.uk/Boscastleflood.htm and a parish/tourist site which has become
a focus for community regeneration http://www.boscastlecornwall.org.uk/ . Flash floods in the South West
is a summary article which includes a rainfall map http://www.swenvo.org.uk/environment/sec_flashflood.asp
World Atlas of Flood
Management Satellite images. http://www.dartmouth.edu/~floods/Atlas.html
Flooding LEDC/MEDC
A 1998 comparsion by Aberdeen University between flooding in
Bangladesh and on the Mississippi. http://www.aber.ac.uk/iges/cti-g/hazpower/missi/
Bangladesh floods July 2004
"More than 600 people
died in the floods, which destroyed rice crops leaving 20 million
people likely to be dependent on food aid for months." BBC
News story, 7th September 2004 http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/3633424.stm
| BBC News
Bangladesh flood crisis July 27th update with
links to previous news stories. |
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/3928463.stm |
| South Asia floods
claim 1,100 lives Guardian story 29th July. |
http://www.guardian.co.uk/international/story/0,,1270377,00.html |
| Bangladesh floods
kill 10, many homeless 15 Oct 2004 Reuters
reports. |
http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/DHA302343.htm |
| Tornadoes hit
Bangladesh - BBC News Oct |
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/3724302.stm |
| New floods cause
more damage - Oxfam (Oct 2004) |
http://www.oxfam.co.uk/what_we_do/emergencies/country/sasia04/update051004.htm |
| Bangladesh
Water Development board Flood forecasting and warning centre. Collects data and
issues warnings. Features 'real time' GIS-based map display showing water
level and rainfall status. Map with links to station
hydrographs (observed data and forecast). |
http://www.ffwc.net/ View captured image of innundation map of
Dhaka on July 28th
2004
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| Effects of
flooding on Bangladesh, 1998 Bullet point list
from David Shilson, Institute of Geography and Earth
Sciences at the University of Wales, Aberystwyth. |
http://www.aber.ac.uk/iges/cti-g/hazards99/quakeweb/theeffec.htm |
| Why Bangladesh
floods are so bad BBC Science Unit explains. |
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/3929217.stm |
| BBC weather basics - Asian
monsoon (climatic causes) |
http://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/features/weatherbasics/monsoon.shtml |
| Developers add to
flood misery - 'landgrabbing', redevelopment and
planning issues in Dhaka. |
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/3559674.stm |
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| Official
sources |
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| Government of the
People’s Republic of Bangladesh |
http://www.bangladesh.gov.bd/ |
| Ministry of Food and
Disaster Management |
http://www.bangladesh.gov.bd/mofdm/index.htm |
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| Aid |
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| World Food
Programme Distributed high-energy biscuits in
the worst-hit areas. |
http://www.wfp.org/index.htm |
| Christian Aid
News story with links to their aid work in Bangladesh and
news archive. |
http://www.christian-aid.org.uk/news/stories/040715s.htm |
| Oxfam's
Bangladesh page |
http://www.oxfam.co.uk/what_we_do/where_we_work/bangladesh/index.htm |
| Oxfam aid
worker's diary (Aug 16 2004) |
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/3569996.stm |
| Poor response
to appeal (Sept 7 2004) |
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/3633424.stm |
| ITDG - 'Solutions'
from intermediate technology charity. |
http://www.itdg.org/home_text.asp?id=special_appeal_floodshttp://www.itdg.org/home_text.asp?id=special_appeal_floods |
| UNICEF Background
information and what this children's charity are doing.
Look for South Asia Floods under emergencies on left-hand
menu. |
http://www.unicef.org.uk/emergency/ |
| Red Cross appeal |
http://www.redcross.org.uk/Campaign.asp?id=36810&cachefixer=cf21462187681240&Email=1 |
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| News |
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| Bangladesh Daily
Star newspaper |
http://www.thedailystar.net/ |
| Dhaka.com
from World News Asia - online news digest, good for
photos. |
http://www.bangladeshdaily.com/ |
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| Bangladesh fact
summary - basic background info. |
http://www.worldinfozone.com/facts.php?country=Bangladesh |
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Mississippi 1993
- This event is covered
in current textbooks (eg Waugh's GAIA).
Just doing my job Focuses
on Lee Blackmore, an image analyst and GIS specialist, whose job
was to produce maps and images of the flooded Mississippi River
in the 1993 event. Includes satellite images and animations. http://observe.arc.nasa.gov/nasa/exhibits/flood/flood_1.html
Water resources of the US
A USGS site - links to streamflow data. http://water.usgs.gov
USGS Mississippi page http://ms.water.usgs.gov/ Mississippi - lots of
background info. http://biology.usgs.gov/s+t/SNT/noframe/ms137.htm
The Great USA flood of
1993 1996 paper by the chief of the Office
of Hydrology,NOAA/National Weather Service. Discusses forecasting
and precipitation. http://www.nwrfc.noaa.gov/floods/papers/oh_2/great.htm
Geocases case
study of 1993 event http://www.wiley.com/college/geocases/cases/case2/index.html
Before and after satellite images.
http://kevin.lps.org/Egypt/QuestforEgypt/1993_floods.htm
River defences can make flooding
worse. http://www.edie.net/news/Archive/4770.cfm
Time magazine
photo feature from 2001 event (flooding is a recurrent problem). http://www.time.com/time/photoessays/flood/
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